plSSN : 0374-8111 | elSSN : 2287-8815
plSSN : 0374-8111 | elSSN : 2287-8815
plSSN : 0374-8111elSSN : 2287-8815
Gill-pigment-based Evaluation of Red Seabream Pagrus major and Abalone Haliotis discus Exposure to Harmful Algal Blooms
신성수1,2·한지도3·길현우3·강윤자2·이민지1,2*
1국립수산과학원 남해수산연구소 기후환경자원과, 2전남대학교 환경해양학과, 3국립수산과학원 남해수산연구소 양식산업과
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) cause mortality in aquaculture; identifying the causative species is difficult after cell degradation due to microscopy limitation. Herein, we tested whether gill pigments could be analyzed using ultrap erformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) to determine HAB exposure. Red seabream Pagrus major and abalone Haliotis discus were exposed to three HAB species (Margalefidinium polykrikoides, Alexandrium affine, and Kare nia mikimotoi). The gill tissue pigments were analyzed using UPLC. M. polykrikoides (1,000, 2,000, 3,500 cells/mL) caused 100% P. major mortality in within 1 h. The cells were not microscopically visible due to their fragile structure; peridinin, a dinoflagellate marker pigment, accumulated in gill tissue. A. affine (500, 1,000, 2,500 cells/mL) caused no mortality but produced time-dependent increases in chlorophyll a and peridinin contents, indicating stress. K. mi kimotoi (10,000 cells/mL) exposure increased chlorophyll a and fucoxanthin contents, with pigment levels increas ing with exposure time and cell density. H. discus exposure to K. mikimotoi resulted in time and density-dependent increases in chlorophyll a and fucoxanthin contents. UPLC-based pigments were used to detect HAB exposure and pigment accumulation associated with specific taxa, even after algal cell degradation. This study provides a rapid, quantitative, and easy-to-use diagnostic tool for HAB monitoring and response strategies by laypersons.
HABs, Gill pigments analysis, Pagrus major, Haliotis discus, UPLC